My Hobby Essay -- essays research papers

MY SPECIAL HOBBY      Practically every individual has their own diversion; regardless of whether it‘s a game, gathering certain things, or something one takes as much time as is needed rehearsing. By and by, I never thought I at any point had a leisure activity. Indeed I wasn’t even sure what a leisure activity really was. At that point I got to speculation and I at long last understood that my side interest was moving. Truly, I realize that to certain individuals moving isn't viewed as a genuine side interest; however as far as I can tell, on the off chance that I appreciate moving and invest my valuable energy doing it, at that point I reserve each option to think about it as my exceptional pastime.      As far as I can recall about my adolescence, I have consistently wanted to move. Moving was only my thing. I went to expressive dance classes when I was five years of age. I would become familiar with the schedules so rapidly that the teacher would in some cases request that I assist her with showing different understudies. The best piece of being in artful dance was going to the artful dance presentations. That was the point at which every one of us let ourselves sparkle before our loved ones. I generally imagined that the group was keeping a close eye on me and thinking, â€Å"Wow, that young lady moves so gracefully.† Just reasoning that made me invest much more energy to be as well as could be expected. I would rehearse each day after school and just before sleep time, as well. It didn’t much issue to me if there was no music playing, I simply continued moving. Turning into a renowned artist was one of my most noteworthy youth dreams. I accepted that one-day I would get the chan...

How major minerals differentiate from trace minerals

How are the significant minerals separated from the indication minerals? What are 2 factors that can lessen bioavailability of a mineral? What are 3 maps of minerals in the natural structure? Minerals that we have to eat up more than 100mg per twenty-four hours see as significant mineral, minerals that we have to eat up under 100mg per twenty-four hours is considered as follow mineral ( Bryd-Bredbenner et al. 2009 ) . The bioavailability of a mineral is alluded to a stage of the extent of the total in an eating regimen that is assimilated and used for typical natural structure map. The entirety of mineral that is assimilated from the GI real estate parcel decides their bioavailability. Anyway it is distinctive between minerals. Bioavailability is influenced by the associations with other dietetic constituents in the GI real estate parcel. For representation, nutrient C improves iron absorbing however tannins smother it. In addition, the vibes of cell transporters, which permit the excavators to be shipped into circulation system from stomachic lms, other than influence the bioavailability. When there is less moved, planning the mineral will hold lower bioavailability ( Harvey, L 2001 ) . Minerals in our natural structure keep the H2O balance in our natural structure. The convergence of the minerals all through the cells drives the H2O all through the cells. At the point when the centralization of Na is higher in the cell, the H2O will go into the cell as a natural by-product. Furthermore, Na, K and Ca help with the transmittal of nervousnesss asks all through the natural structure. Without Ca, musculus constrictions will ne'er occur. A few minerals like Mg, Cu and Se go about as cofactors and empower proteins to ship out synthetic responses ( Bryd-Bredbenner et al. 2009 ) . What are the central maps of Na and how is additional Na wiped out from the natural structure? Admissions of salt in the Australian eating regimen stay high ; elucidate why there is an interest for Na at all in the eating routine. What are a few plans for lessening Na in the eating regimen? Abundance Na is wiped out of the natural structure by micturition. At the point when the Na degree is high in our natural structure, we have higher blood power per unit region. This decreases the creation of chymosin catalyst by kidney. In this manner, angiotensinogen is less created, so angiotesin II is non structure. Angiotesin II helps in the arrival of aldosterone by adrenal secretory organ. Since the penetrability of kidney tubule is constrained by the aldosterone, the kidney tubule is non porous to sodium when the Na degree in blood is high. In this way, the Na is so discharged along with H2O in the signifier of piss ( Campbell et al. 2009 ) . Sodium helps in the absorbing of glucose and some aminic acids in little entrail. Furthermore, it is of import in musculus withdrawal and introducing the nervus drive through the nervus cells. Muscle withdrawal and nervus drive conductivity is directed by the moving of both the K and Na particle over the nervus cell layer. Sodium other than helps in H2O balance. Sodium is the main solute in extracellular liquid. It directs the ECF and plasma volume. At the point when the entirety of Na in natural structure increments, more H2O is held in our natural structure until additional Na is discharged ( Bryd-Bredbenner et al. 2009 ) . There is an interest for Na at all in the eating regimen since salt is of import in the fomentation of supplements. Aging jelly supplements for because of the concealment of curious kinds of bugs. Salt hinders the developing of decay bacteriums and Fungis that present in the supplement. Salt other than assists with hauling H2O and sugars out of works tissues during unsettling of veggies which decreases O and forestalls the developing of lactic corrosive bacteriums. Salt is other than utilized in the preparing of stocks, for example, wieners and rebuilt meats. The nearness of salt solubilizes myofibrillar proteins that are constant in H2O. It assists with pulling out these salt-solvent proteins to the outside of the meat and hotel the little bits of meat together during cookery ( National Center for Biotechnology Information 2010 ) . Plans for decreasing Na in the eating routine are to cook the supplement with little salt. Alongside, supplement can be set up with without sodium enhancing, for example, basil, cove foliages, curry, garlic and ginger. Last, ever decision low-salt product or sans salt stocks when accessible ( Rolfes, Pinna and A ; Whitney 2006 ) . Where is most K in the natural structure found? What are 2 genuine surprises connected to low K utilizations? For what reason is hyperkalemia uncommon? Potassium is to a great extent found in the cells of the natural structure and performs a large number of indistinguishable maps from Na. Low blood K is known as hypokalemia. It is an actual existence imperiling malady. Low K can other than do high blood power per unit region. Hyperkalemia is uncommon in light of the fact that despite the fact that the utilization of K is high, the additional K is promptly discharged by kidney ( Bryd-Bredbenner et al. 2009 ) . What are the maps of Mg in the eating routine? Where is Mg in the natural structure found and what are the side effects of Mg need. Which gatherings are well on the way to be magnesium inadequate? Magnesium is of import in balancing out the ATP by holding fast to the phosphate gathering of this atom. Magnesium is required by in excess of 300 compounds that use ATP, including those required for vitality transformation, musculus compression and protein blend. Magnesium is other than required for Deoxyribonucleic corrosive and RNA union. Its capacity in Ca transformation adds to pack development to pack development and mineralization. It is other than of import for nervus transmittal, chest and smooth musculus withdrawal. It other than diminishes blood power per unit region by distending the arterias, forestalls chest beat abnormalcies and ensure against bilestone arrangement ( Bryd-Bredbenner et al. 2009 ) . Magnesium is primarily put away in bone. Magnesium need causes unpredictable heartbeat, once in a while joined by falling flat, musculus cramp, blow a gasket, disorder, cleansing and ictuss. This is because of the harm of Na and K siphoning ( Bryd-Bredbenner et al. 2009 ) . Magnesium need most as often as possible happens in individuals who have been taken care of intravenously for a long clasp, whose diet does n't consolidate satisfactory Mg, or who can't assimilate and egest the mineral appropriately ( Harvey 2001 ) . Depict the capacity of Ca in the designed development of osteoporosis, remembering for your drumhead a diagram of Ca transformation, requests in the lifecycle and Ca beginnings. Further talk how make parathyroid endocrine and nutrient D manage serum Ca? Osteoporosis is an illness brought about by the low utilization of Ca. At the point when Ca utilization is inconsistent, natural structure pulls back Ca s from the issue that remains to be worked out the crucial guide of Ca. For outline, Ca is expected to keep up our musculus getting ( Bryd-Bredbenner et al. 2009 ) . Bone development needs Ca and P and different minerals. As bone sorts out, Ca salts and phosphorus signifier gem, hydroapatite, and tie with the collagen filaments. As the precious stone become denser ( mineralization ) , they invigorate and unbending nature to the maturating castanetss. Collagen protein permits the skeleton to ingest sway. At the point when Ca degree in blood is low, parathyroid endocrine is discharged by parathyroid secretory organ. This endocrine related with 1,25 ( OH ) 2 nutrient D animate the arrival of Ca from the bone into circulatory system to expand the Ca degree in blood. Moreover, the endocrine other than expands the utilization of Ca in entrail to build blood Ca degree. Third, parathyroid secretory organ other than builds blood Ca in relationship with 1,25 ( OH ) 2 nutrient D to expand the kidneysaa‚â ¬a„? resorption of Ca which in the long run forestall the end of Ca. At the point when blood Ca degree is high, the arrival of parathyroid endocrine falls. This causes the Ca disposal by means of the piss to increment. The union of 1,25 ( OH ) 2 nutrient D other than diminishes, doing dab in Ca absorbing. Also, thyroid secretory organ secretes hormone calcitonin which keeps the Ca from misfortune from castanetss. The Ca degree in blood in the end back to typical degree. Calciums are normally originated from yogurt, milk and oat ( Bryd-Bredbenner et al. 2009 ) .

Animal Farm Allegory – Revolution and Dystopia

Eric Blair, known by his pseudonym George Orwell, was an Englishman whose works assaulted political and social mistreatment. One of his most popular works, Animal Farm, was written in 1945 and is a parody on oppressive political force and a moral story of Russian history. George Orwell’s educational encounters affected Animal Farm; as an understudy, he was victimized, and as a grown-up he was regularly ruined and defied social and monetary mistreatment. Napoleon, an immense Berkshire hog who turns into the tyrant of Animal Farm, shows a considerable lot of the qualities of Stalin and different despots as he continually controls suspected and conviction, sets up a substitute, and demonstrates his capacity by causing others to endure. Napoleon utilizes his specialist Squealer to control contemplated he happenings on the ranch similarly as Stalin utilized the socialist paper, Pravda. Over the span of the novel, the animals all work on the windmill, the principle venture of the homestead. At the very beginning, Napoleon had been against the possibility of the windmill, yet through Squealer makes the various creatures accept â€Å"that [he] had never as a general rule been against the windmill† (Orwell 71). Napoleon is likely contradicted to the possibility of the windmill since it was Snowball’s thought first. After Snowball was ousted, Napoleon accepts the thought as his own so he can have the credit in the event that it succeeds, and on the off chance that it doesn’t, at that point he can accuse Snowball. Joseph Stalin did a significant part of a similar thought in that on the off chance that anything worked, it was his thought and in the event that it fizzled, he immediately found a substitute. Napoleon likewise utilizes Squealer to spread promulgation about his bogus affections for the creatures. He has Squealer give long addresses in which he â€Å"would talk with the tears moving down his cheeks of Napoleon’s knowledge, the integrity of his heart, and the profound love he bore to all animals all over, even and particularly the troubled animals who despite everything lived in numbness and bondage on other farms† (Orwell 100). Napoleon clearly doesn’t care much for the animals on the homestead similarly as Stalin and different tyrants don’t truly care about the prosperity of the individuals that they rule. Napoleon, similar to Stalin and different despots, utilizes publicity to keep up command over the individuals, and keep himself in power. Similarly as Stalin sets up Trotsky as his substitute for things that turn out badly, Napoleon makes Snowball his substitute all through the novel so Napoleon never assumes the fault for anything. As conditions on the ranch begin to fall apart under Napoleon’s rule, Napoleon tells the animals that â€Å"[Snowball] took the corn, he upset the milk-buckets, he broke the eggs, he stomped on the seedbeds, he chewed the bark off the natural product trees† (Orwell 88). This isn’t the case, as Snowball had never done any of those things similarly as all substitutes ordinarily don’t carry out any of the violations they are blamed for. Napoleon, similar to Stalin and different despots, need to set up a substitute for poor conditions with the goal that disappointments will never think about inadequately them. As conditions on the ranch deteriorate and more regrettable under Napoleon’s rule, it gets ordinary for the animals to acknowledge that â€Å"Whenever anything turned out badly it got normal to credit it to Snowball† (Orwell 88). A large enough falsehood has been told about Snowball so frequently, that all the animals just consequently accept that all the issues on the ranch are Snowball’s shortcoming. Without substitutes to accuse every one of their issues for, despots would be toppled much more rapidly than they generally are. Napoleon imparts another characteristic to different tyrants in that he should demonstrate his capacity by causing others to endure. To help disavow the entirety of the disappointments of the ranch, Napoleon, by terrorizing, powers four pigs to admit â€Å"that they had been covertly in contact with Snowball since the time his ejection, that they had teamed up with him in obliterating the windmill, and that they had gone into a concurrence with him to hand over Animal Farm to Mr. Frederick† (Orwell 92). Napoleon holds these preliminaries of the creatures and powers them to admit to things that they didn’t do similarly as Joseph Stalin did during the Moscow Purge Trails. The preliminaries proceed and the explanations behind butchering become significantly progressively silly as certain creatures are even killed for having a fantasy of Snowball. The terrible preliminaries proceed, â€Å"until there was a heap of carcasses lying before Napoleon’s feet and the air was overwhelming with the smell of blood, which had been obscure there since the ejection of Jones† (Orwell 93). The general public that the pigs and Napoleon made has now come to reflect the general public that the creatures had opposed toward the start of the novel. Napoleon, as different tyrants, feels that he should persistently demonstrate his capacity so as to shield from being ousted. Napoleon continually controls the considerations and convictions of different creatures, sets up Snowball as a substitute, and demonstrates his capacity by causing others to languish over his disappointments, like how Stalin and different despots set up and controlled their systems. When people with significant influence become degenerate, prosperous social orders become oppressed worlds constrained by the desires and needs of the individuals who lead. Master Acton once said that â€Å"Power adulterates, and total force ruins absolutely,† a subject that is resounded all through this novel, yet in addition from the beginning of time.

Dolphin Treatment And Behavior In The Wild Vs. Capivity - 275 Words

Compare and Contrast Dolphin Treatment And Behavior In The Wild Vs. Capivity (Essay Sample) Content: Compare and Contrast the Behavior and Treatment of Dolphins in the Wild vs. Captivity[Student's name][University]August 9, 2016Compare and Contrast the Behavior and Treatment of Dolphins in the Wild vs. CaptivityCapturing dolphins in the past for public viewing was allowed and that has not changed today. Like other wild animals, they are meant to be free and live on their own.When dolphins are caught, they will no longer live in their natural habitat and be placed in tanks that do not have natural sea water. Dolphins are born with intelligence because they have short and long term memory retention, can learn concepts, and have self-awareness (Cronin, 2014). Keeping them in captivity will only impede their thinking capabilities because they always have to follow orders from humans. Since they are not in the wild, they do not have the freedom to breed naturally. Instead, there are captive breeding programs, which provide a constant supply of dolphins for the sake of pub lic amusement and entertainment (Bearzi, 2014).Aside from depriving them of space and practicing their intelligence, they are also unable to engage in other activities with other dolphins. They demonstrate altruistic behavior while in groups because they are seen helping other members, species and humans in trouble (Affolter n.d.). Another activity they do as a group is hunting and share the prey so that everyone in the group can eat. Dolphins are always moving while in the wild and they hardly spend time on the surface. If they are kept in tanks, they are usually on the surface because they are often calle...

Essay Immaturity Makes Differences - 1025 Words

â€Å"Immaturity Makes Differences† Back in my home country, I had a small conversation with my old friend Abdo after geography class in high school. I was looking on the geography book’s cover with its earth image, and I told him, â€Å"I don’t see any boarders, do you?† He replied, â€Å"of course not.† Then I asked him, â€Å"I wonder, why we have them?† Then, he started blaming other countries, ethnics and cultures. I agreed with him at that time, I don’t know why, but maybe because I was plagued with the hate poison that still flowing in my culture. After few years, I finished high school and I arrived to America. My mind grew more, and what was on my brain is the ideas of that we can all agree on one plus one equals two or that the color of darkness is black, but can we agree that we are all humans? Unfortunately, I do not think so, even if we say that. Personally, I was one of those who people who just say the words, but my brain was identifying the world in black and white. I didn’t see the grey between them until I took my sociology class in America. Professor Mike, the multi-cultural class and the class’s book all helped to cut ignorance lines about other individuals. After a small discussion with people from different countries, religions and races, we quickly understood that we were humans after all, and what they had told us about each other in our birth place was totally wrong. Maybe there they didn’t have that chance to meet and talk, so they just stereotyped each other.Show MoreRelatedEnlightenme nt Essay example532 Words   |  3 PagesWhat is enlightenment? Immanuel Kant attempts to clarify the meaning of enlightenment while composing the essay, What is Enlightenment?. The goal of Kants essay was to discuss what the nature of enlightenment was. It also taught one how enlightenment can be brought about in the general public. Kant explains that, enlightenment is mans release from his self-incurred immaturity. 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Transformational Leadership As A Good Leadership - 1164 Words

The 3 sorts of worker commitment aren t invariably resulted into best performance. For instance, associate worker United Nations agency has high continuance commitment however low emotive commitment sTransformational leadership is taken into account to be the foremost effective leadership vogue. Avolio et al. (2004) declared that transformational leadership vogue positively enhance worker commitment. Limsili and Ogunlana (2008) declared that transformational leadership is a good leadership style to influence worker commitment. Ismail and Yusuf (2009) thought of the terribly momentous result of transformational leadership vogue on worker structure commitment. The study found that if leaders inspire workers, invest in coaching to†¦show more content†¦The study concluded that transformational leadership behaviors like inspirational motivation, idealized influence, individual consideration and intellectual stimulation leads to higher employee commitment and employee work engagement. The employees feel devoted and motivated towards their work (Raja, 2012). The research also identifies the impact of transformational and transactional leadership styles in Pakistan Banking sector.The survey results confirm that transformational leadership style of bank managers increased employees’ commitment. The employees’ job commitment was reflected through their positive attitude, increase trust in leadership and performance at work. Although, employees are found to be less innovative, less risk taking and transactional style of leadership still observed in minor form (Reddy, 2011). The outcome of research conducted in Yemeni universities indicates that both transformational and transactional leadership styles have positive impact on three types of employee commitment; affective, normative and continuous (Saeed, 2011). One of the studies conducted from three hundred and twelve (312) private sector Pakistan colleges’ teachers to measure the consequence of transformational and transactional leadership style on organizational commitment. The results revealed that transformational leadership style wasShow MoreRelatedTransformational Leadership : What Makes A Good Leader?1411 Words   |  6 PagesTransformational Leadership in Nursing What makes a good leader? Many people have their own perceptions on what entails a good leader. People have high expectations when a leader is involved. Our country is led by a Commander in chief and without their leadership things would be chaotic. A transformational leader, such as the Commander in chief, is known for being strong person, observant, and exercises great listener skills (ZerwekhGarneau, 2015). 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Legal Regulation of Business Structure

Question: Discuss about the Legal Regulation of Business Structure. Answer: Introduction The roles and responsibilities of a companys directors in Australia are proposed to encourage good governance, which ensures directors to act for the companys benefits. This ascertains directors to put the needs of the company in front of their own. Under the section 183 of the Corporations Act (Cth), 2001 states that there should be no improper utilization of the information. It signifies that the directors of a company should not use the accessible information in a wrong way such as for their own benefit or cause any harm to the corporation. The directors of the company are determined to have breached section 183, when they purposefully try to take advantage for their own good, which has a negative impact on the company. It may happen when the directors have poor knowledge regarding the financial statements, which includes the possibility of becoming insolvent (PricewaterhouseCoopers, 2011). The Corporations Act inflicts various additional credible responsibilities and duties on th e directors of the company (The State of Queensland, 2016). The purpose of this assignment is to highlight the breach of section 183 of the Corporations Act (Cth) 2001 with reference to the provided case scenario. Preliminary Issues The Corporations Act (Cth) 2001 states the directors of the company and other executives to use their power and follow their duties and responsibilities with diligence. The directors of the company are prohibited from misusing the information for the benefit of oneself and others. The Act in addition sets out illegal offences if the directors and the other officers act in a reckless manner, thereby being deliberately dishonest and misuse their power and position. The duty of the directors of the company is to make complete and frank revelation of the information, which are within their understanding that will enable the stakeholders to make judgments regarding any matter (2Legal Services Commission, 2012). The preliminary issue with regard to the provided scenario is that Dr Dawes, one of directors in the company GML had become bankrupt and had informed regarding his position to the other Board of Directors. The Board of Directors had accepted the resignation of Dr Dawes but the directors of GML had confirmed that he will still be attending all the board and committee meetings and discussions and had offered the position of Consultant Director providing salary. It is considered to be a major issue under the Corporations Act (Cth) 2001. It has been stated that if a director of a company enters personal bankruptcy, the director is banned from conducting any company activities. The director can only get involved in the company activities if it is permitted by the Court, which includes individuals who have previously executed an act of arrangement as per the Part X of the Bankruptcy Act. Here, the terms are not completely accumulated. It also involves creditors who have agreed a compositio n as per Part X of the Bankruptcy Act, where no final payment has been made under such composition. It is treated as a criminal offense for a bankrupt director to manage a company without legal permit. If the director is found guilty of the offence, he can be charged with a fine of $8,500 and can be convicted for 1 year. The company needs to notify regarding the termination as a director. The bankrupt director can hold his position only after bankruptcy has been released (Australian Securities Investment Commission, 2016). It can also be seen that Mr. Huckenfusser is the Audio Visual Technician of GML for five years. One of the duties of Mr. Huckenfusser is to assist with the meeting of the board of the company and was present during the meeting when Mr. Boon and the Board of Directors agreed to purchase the shares of Menzies Mining Machines Ltd (MMM). Being at the meeting, Mr. Huckenfusser had shared information about the meeting to the outsider Mrs. Duck, who is in-fact the sister-in-law of Huckenfusser. Having got the information, Mrs. Duck purchased 5,000 shares in MMM at the rate of $5.20 per share and sold it at the rate of $12.5, thereby making profit. In this regard, it can be asserted that the sharing of the company information is considered to be unethical. It can also be seen as a crime. According to the section 183 of the Corporations Act (Cth) 2001, Use of information-Civil Obligations has stated that an employee of the company should not misuse the information to the outsiders in order to have personal benefits. The section 183 also prohibits providing benefits to the outsiders, which can create problems for the company (CCH Australia Limited, 2016). Thus, the sharing of the information to the outsider can be treated as an offence. The employees even after leaving the company cannot share the information to others (Office of Legislative Drafting and Publishing, Attorney-Generals Department, 2006). Possible Breaches of the Corporations Law As per the Corporations Act the breach of section 183 may lead to issue Declaration of Contravention as per section 1317E. The ASIC (Australian Securities Investment Commission) may direct the court to inflict a fine on the member of the company if it violates the interests of the shareholders and company. The court may also order the liable member of the company to give compensation for the damages suffered as an outcome of the violation (RBHM Commercial Lawyers, 2016). With regard to Dr. Dawes, who is bankrupt and a member of Board of Directors of the company GML cannot be a part of company unless he pays his debts (Australian Government, 2015). Until Dr. Dawes clears his debt, he cannot participate in the management proceedings. If Dr. Dawes does not meet the requirements, the Court can see it as a contravention and can charge him with a fine up to $200,000 as per section 1317G of the Corporations Act and disqualify him from managing the events of the company. Dr Dawes also purchased 20,000 MMM shares through his wife, thereby using the companys information for personal benefit along with violating section 183 under Corporations Act 2001. Considering the case of Mr. Huckenfusser, it can be said that providing companys information to the outside person may be seen as an offense rightful to civil penalties under the Corporations Act 2001. The victim company may recommend ASIC to issue the Declaration of Contravention from the Court (Harris, 2008). M r. Huckenfusser can face a civil penalty provision under section 1317E of the Corporations Act (Reid, 2016). Mrs. Duck, who is the sister-in-law of Mr. Huckenfusser, can be charged for persuading Mr. Huckenfusser for sharing GMLs board meeting information. However, Mrs. Duck cannot be directly charged legally as the information had been provided by Mr. Huckenfusser, who rather can be said to have committed offense under section 183 of Corporations Act 2001. The Board of Directors including Mr. Foster had a meeting at GML regarding the purchase of MMM shares. Following the meeting, Mr. Foster resigned from GML and was appointed as the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of Queensland Equity Capital Group Ltd (QECG). Mr. Foster used information gathered from the GML Board meeting to purchase 60,000 MMM shares for Queensland Equity Capital Group Ltd, which is also a breach of section 183 under the Corporation Act 2001. Defences There are various breaches under the Corporations Act 2001. One of the violations includes a company failing to file suitable returns as required by ASIC (Australian Securities Investment Commission). The second offence can be misuse of the position and power by the company directors for self benefit. The third breach is the involvement of disqualified directors in managing company. Insider trading can also be treated as a breach under the Corporations Act 2001 (1Legal Services Commission, 2012). There is a possibility of breaches in Corporations Act relating to the role of directors in a company. A company may have a violation regarding the duties of the directors. Under the section 183 of the Corporations Act 2001, directors can misuse their power in order to have advantages and benefits for themselves, which is considered to be unethical within this Act (CCH Australia Limited, 2011). For example, the violation of the Corporations Act happens in case of resignation of Mr. foster of GML. Here in this case, Mr. Foster, a former executive of GML resigned from the company following the Board meeting regarding the buying of shares from MMM. After the resignation, Mr. Foster was positioned as CFO in Queensland Equity Capital Group Limited, who purchased around 60,000 shares already knowing that the company will be having profit from the selling of the same shares. Dr. Dawes, who was already bankrupt, had breached two laws. The first states that Dr. Dawes was appointed as a Consul tant Director despite knowing about his personal bankruptcy, which is against the Corporations Act 2001 that states that a director who is bankrupt is disqualified to manage the activities of the company. In addition, Dr. Dawes asked his wife to purchase 20,000 MMM shares knowing that it will have profit. The violation of the Corporations Act can also be seen in case of Mr. Huckenfusser and Mrs. Duck. According to the case scenario, it has been witnessed that being an Audio Visual Technician, Mr. Huckenfusser is present at the companys board meetings and had information about the meetings. Mr. Huckenfusser having the information had passed it to Mrs. Duck, who is his sister-in-law. This act of providing confidential information to the outsider can be referred as a breach under the Corporations Act 2001. Remedies The directors and other officers of the corporation have regular duties such as to act in the interests of the company. The directors and other executives should act only for companys benefit instead of working for their own benefits such as removing voting powers of the stakeholders by formulating a new majority in the company. The directors as well as the other employees of the company should act in diligence. They should also act in a way that the confidential information of the company remains within the company and no inside trading takes place (Owen Hodge Lawyers, 2016). If the law is violated, civil remedies can applied. In case if the guilt is proved in the court, the court can order the director to pay a penalty of up to $200,000 on the basis of the declaration of contravention. The Court can also order reimbursement for damages for breaching civil penalty stipulation under section 1317E of the Corporations Act 2001 with regard to the disqualification of the directors managi ng the company (Owen Hodge Lawyers, 2016). There are various duties of the directors of the company in relation to the financial records of the company and they can face disqualification as well as civil penalties for the violation of provision (Brookes, 2013). Conclusion With regard to the overall assessment, it can be witnessed that the key role of the directors and other executives is to work for providing benefits to the company. It can also be viewed that the directors and other employees of the company GML have breached or violated some of the laws under the Corporations Act, which can be considered unethical accordingly. The violation of the law can be seen in terms of the fact that one of the directors despite being bankrupt had been acting as a Consultant Director, which is considered as violation as Dr. Dawes cannot manage activities of the company according to the Corporations Act. As per Corporations Act, Dr. Dawes can only be involved in the companys management activity if permitted by the Court. It has also been observed that one of the employees of the company Mr. Huckenfusser had shared the company information with an outsider, thereby violating the law under section 183 of the Corporations Act, which states that the confidential infor mation of the company cannot be used for the benefits of oneself or some other person. Dr. Dawes had again violated the Corporations Act by asking his wife to purchase the share of the Menzies Mining Machines Ltd (MMM) for personal benefit. The role of ASIC has increased over the past years and it has focused significantly on the civil penalties as well as criminal offenses. The penalties for sharing of the companys information under ASIC such as in case of MR. Foster, Mr. Dawes and Mr. Huckenfusser can be reported to the Court, who on the basis of Declaration of Contravention can charge all the guilty employees with a fine of $200,000, disqualify the directors to participate in management proceedings and can charge them to pay compensations for the loss that GML had incurred. References Legal Services Commission. (2012). Criminal offences. Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch05s01s04.php Legal Services Commission. (2012). General duties of directors - Corporations Act 2001 (Ctth). Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch05s01s03s02.php Australian Government. (2015). The bankruptcy act and corporations act. Retrieved September 11, 2016, from https://www.afsa.gov.au/practitioner/pir-newsletter/dec-2015-pir-newsletter/practice-matters/the-bankruptcy-act-and-corporations-act Australian Securities Investment Commission. (2016). Bankruptcy and personal insolvency agreements. Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://asic.gov.au/regulatory-resources/insolvency/insolvency-for-directors/bankruptcy-and-personal-insolvency-agreements/ Brookes, M. (2013). Directors and officers liability its a jungle out there. Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://www.carternewell.com/icms_docs/183636_Directors_and_Officers_Liability_-_It_s_a_Jungle_Out_There.pdf CCH Australia Limited. (2011). Australian Corporations Securities Legislation 2011: Corporations Act 2001, ASIC Act 2001, related regulations. Australia: CCH Australia Limited. CCH Australia Limited. (2016). Corporations Act 2001, section 183 use of information civil obligations. Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio485899sl14504567/corporations-act-2001-section-183-use-of-information-civil-obligations Harris, J. (2008). Relief from liability for company directors: Recent developments and their implications. Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/UWSLawRw/2008/7.html Office of Legislative Drafting and Publishing, Attorney-Generals Department. (2006). Corporations Act 2001. Contents, 1-434. Owen Hodge Lawyers. (2016). Breach of fiduciary duties. Retrieved September 9, 2016, https://www.owenhodge.com.au/commercial-law-services/employment-law/breach-of-fiduciary-duties/ PricewaterhouseCoopers. (2011). A guide to directors duties and responsibilities for non-listed public companies and proprietary companies in Australia. Contents, 1-15. RBHM Commercial Lawyers. (2016). Directors - duties and obligations. Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://www.rbhm.com.au/web/article_3587.htm Reid, K. (2016). Civil penalty and disqualification orders: An overview of the Vizard case. Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://www.findlaw.com.au/articles/1970/civil-penalty-and-disqualification-orders-an-overv.aspx The State of Queensland. (2016). Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) (the Corporations Act). Retrieved September 9, 2016, from https://www.premiers.qld.gov.au/publications/categories/policies-and-codes/handbooks/welcome-aboard/member-duties/corp-act-2001-c.aspx

Saving the Rainforests Saving our Future an Example of the Topic Government and Law Essays by

Saving the Rainforests: Saving our Future Our planet is endowed with many resources from the mountains to the seas.We are very blessed because we have everything that we need to survive. But as time passed by, we noticed that our resources, our environment, is slowly degrading and depleting. Over the years, a great percentage of our environment has been lost due to human activities. And one ecosystem of our environment that has constantly been depleting through time is our rainforests. Need essay sample on "Saving the Rainforests: Saving our Future" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Rainforests are defined ecologically by the Department of Sustainability and Environment of Australia as closed (>70 percent projective foliage) broad-leaved forests vegetation with a continuous rainforest tree canopy of variable height, and with a characteristic diversity of species and life forms. It is usually found in wet tropical regions around the Equator specifically in South and Central America, West and Central Africa, Indonesia, parts of Southeast Asia and tropical Australia where the climate is relatively humid with no marked seasonal changes (Britanica Encyclopedia). There are several layers that can be observed in a rainforest. The highest layer is called the canopy which extends across the treetops at a height of 100-165 feet wherein animals are found to reside in the leaves and branches of the trees. Beneath the canopy is the thick understory which is usually filled with trees, lianas and epiphytes. At the lowest level is the ground where a thin layer of humus soil and fallen leaves can be found. Most of the animals found in this layer are usually adapted to walking and climbing in short distances (Britanica Encyclopedia). These lush forests serve as an important habitat to many organisms from minute bacteria to huge mammals including wildlife. According to the Guiness Encyclopedia (182), there are at least two million different species of plants and animals that exists in rainforests and only one in six of which have been identified and named. Moreover, rainforests are important ecosystems that are needed to support the balance within the planet. Rainforests also helps in reducing global warming by absorbing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Over the years, it has been recorded that the global rainforest is declining. According to Lanly, Singh, and Janz, 17 million hectares of forests are destroyed each year (qtd in Vanclay 4). Vanclay in his article Saving the Tropical Forest: Needs and Prognosis emphasized that Africa has the highest rate of destruction (1.7% per year) but the largest deforested area is in tropical America (4). The degradation of our rainforests could pose harmful effects to our planet and to us as well. Many abusers of our rainforests do not know or they just pretend not to know the possible consequences of rainforests degradation. A major effect of this, is the lost of habitat of many plants and animals which could lead to extinction. As mentioned, rainforests are one of the richest ecosystems in the world. If deforestation will continue with its current phase, numerous flora and fauna will lost its home and would probably cause an imbalance in the system. We are all connected in this what we call web of life. Thus, a loss in the system can cause deleterious effects to the other organisms. Aside from the loss of habitat, the continuous degradation of our rainforests could hasten the global warming. Trees are major users of carbon dioxide. They need it in order for them to survive. With this, the carbon dioxide that is present in the atmosphere is relatively reduced. In an editorial in by New York Times, it was emphasized that forests withholds carbon dioxide that would add to greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere. With this, the more trees there are in the forests the more carbon dioxide will be reduced. There are many results of deforestation. Some of it we can directly feel its effects while others we need to wait for years before we can feel its results. One indirect result of deforestation is increase in flooding. In 1980, the height of the annual flood crest of the Amazon at Iquitos has increased together with the increased in deforestation in the area. The imbalance was caused by increased in water runoff due to deforestation (Gentry and Lopez-Parodi 1354). To date, about 14% of the Amazon is deforested (Wuethrich) and logging is still on going in the Amazon which could possibly mean that there is a constant increase in water levels in the area. In addition, landslides and flash floods also occur in areas where heavy deforestation is present. Trees strengthen the soil. It also absorbs water and prevents such disaster from happening. More importantly, trees also prevent soil erosion which is very important for the coastal environment. Soil erosion has a negative impacts or corals as it can cause siltation in the water. Siltation is a kind of situation in the marine environment where there are high concentrations of particles in the water column. These particles may block the sunlight that is needed by the corals and it may block the feeding apparatus of the corals. In this situation, it is not just the animals that are present in rainforests that gets affected but also other ecosystems as well. It should be noted that all things in this planet, biotic or abiotic, are connected with each other. Thus, destruction in one ecosystem could lead to the destruction of the other ecosystems. However, despite all the mentioned facts and effects of deforestation, many are still abusing the rainforests. Many industries that use trees are usually in opposition to those showing concern for our rainforests. They are looking at rainforests as an income generating material that needs to be used. In an online article, it was argued that rainforests are worth more money dead than alive (Fighting Deforestion 1). It was mentioned on this online article that in order to produce a Sunday edition of the New York Times, it takes approximately 7,500 trees to print it. Isnt that too many? Trees dont grow very fast and with the increasing demand for paper, the rate of recovery for our rainforests may not be enough to cope up with the growing demand. However, according to Vanclay (4), the real causes of rainforests degradation are poverty and over population, corruption and greed, imperialism, bureaucracy, ignorance and carelessness and international policy. According to him, the worlds populations are already using almost half of the terrestrial primary productivity which in the long run could be double or even tripled. He also emphasized that corruption and greed plays a vital role in the current situation that we are facing. He emphasized that landowners, influential elite and multinational corporations are also instrumental in shaping the future of the forests. He points out that these people are working underground so that it wont be noticed but to some extent the influence becomes very evident. Furthermore, the influence of highly developed countries to developing countries also plays a crucial role for rainforests. Develop countries usually imports numerous raw materials from developing countries without thinking of the possible effects it will bring. They take advantage over the innocence of the 3rd world countries. Industrialized countries are importing abundant raw forests materials but paying the under developed countries a very low amount which sometimes could not compensate for the gathered resources Aside from these, another cause of rainforests destruction is drought. According to scientists, climate has been varying through time. In the Amazon, nearly one-half of the rainforest is at its physiological minimum for water, receiving just enough rainfall to survive. Trees in the southern, eastern, and north-central regions send roots down through 8 or 10 meters of soil to soak up moisture during rainless months which makes them susceptible to drought. In addition, these are also the regions where El Nio droughts have great impacts. Aside from the Amazon, other areas such as Indonesia, is also affected by these droughts (Wuethrich). With global warming and El Nio, our forests are really in big trouble unless we do something. According to statistics, sixty-four acres of rainforest are cut down every minute and would probably be gone within the next fifty years ( Fighting Deforestation) if mitigating actions are not planned and implemented. Risks of our rainforests are caused by a combination of almost everything, both anthropogenic and natural causes. Interactions among fire, El Nio-driven drought, and fragmentation are increasingly putting tropical forests at risk (Wuethrich). In addition to this, logging and the use of fuelwood further increases the threats to our rainforests (Vanclay 2). Our rainforests is in a bleak situation unless we do something right to preserve it. Vanclay (10) in his article mentioned that much of the solutions in saving our rainforests lies in the application of a few simple and well established principles. He put emphasis on the idea that the principles are simple but the applications are a bit complicated. He stressed that successful implementation of any solution will require patience, understanding and the co-operation of many individuals and institutions. Plantations, portable sawmill, tropical timber bans, labeling, sustainable timber production are some of the possible solutions to our degrading rainforests. Alternative solutions could be land tenure, agricultural production, information, stability and outlook and research (Vanclay 10-12). These are possible solutions to the depleting rainforests in our planet. However, in implementing these possible solutions, one has also to consider human activities and interactions in the area. Social preparation is a very important tool in doing resource management. Local communities play a vital role in the implementations of these solutions since they are the first hand users of these resources. Information, education and communication campaign on rainforests is also necessary. Valuation or putting monetary values to live rainforests should also be done so that the populace will have an idea how much will be lost if the rainforests are destroyed. Moreover, eco-tourism would also be an important factor in preventing rainforests to be damaged. People need to appreciate the beauty of nature so that he can appreciate its value. A well manage eco-tourism in rainforests could provide jobs to local communities which in turn could lessen the pressure on the forests. The future of our rainforests lies within our hands. If we're going to save rainforests, we have to be motivated by something more powerful than money, but more rare: Love (Fighting Deforestation). Are we just going to let some few capitalists rule over the resources that everyone needs? Will we allow them to over shadow us? When our rainforests will be destroyed we are going to face one of the greatest catastrophes in the planet. And whether we like it or not, we will all face the consequences for the actions of the few. Would we allow this happen? This is a great challenge for all of us. Lets not lose our rainforests; much of our future depends on it. Works Cited Department of Sustainability and Environment. 17 October 2006. Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria, Australia. Retrieved on November 26, 2006 Fighting deforestation of the Rainforest. CNN.com. October 19, 2001. Retrieved on November 25, 2006 Gentry, A. and Lopez-Parodi, J. Deforestation and Increased Flooding of the Upper Amazon. Science. Vol. 210. Retrieved on November 26, 2006 Rainforest. Britanica Encyclopedia. 2000. Britanica Concise Encyclopedia. Retrieved on November 26, 2006 Reforestation and Deforestation. New York Times. November 20, 2006. Retrieved on November 26, 2006 The Guiness Encyclopedia. Guiness Publishing Ltd., 33 London Road, Enfield, Middlesex. 1993. Vanclay, Jerome. 1993. Saving the Tropical Forest: Needs and Prognosis. AMBIO 22: 225-231. Retrieved on November 26, 2006 Wuethrich, B. 2000. Combine Insults Spell Trouble for Rainforests. Science. Vol. 289. no. 5476, pp. 35 37. Retrieved on November 25, 2006

Dolphins Essays - Oceanic Dolphins, Dolphin, Animal Welfare

Dolphins Essays - Oceanic Dolphins, Dolphin, Animal Welfare Dolphins Dolphins are playful and cleverness make them fascinating to watch . Dolphins are not fish they are mammals that live in the sea . They have to come to the top of the water every half minute , so they can breathe . But dolphins can stay under the water for six or seven minutes ,if he holds his breath . The dolphin breathes in his head because he has a blow hole in his head that allows him to breathe . Dolphins have a lot of teeth to help them eat. Each dolphin has almost one hundred teeth in his mouth all the same size and shape . The only work the teeths have is catching food , but not chewing it. First the dolphin catches a fish then he swallows it . A dolphin has a good eye . But sometimes he can't see very well in the water because is so full of shadows , and mud , and plantsthat grow at he bottom . The dolphin uses his ears so much it is hard to see his hears . They are located in the sides of his heads and are two tiny pin holes . The dolphin can hear very well . A dolphin sleeps a foot or two below the top of the water . He takes little naps every half minute or so he moves his tail up and down .This brings him up for a breath of air . Then he drifts down and sleeps some more . Some dolphins stay together they play and learn and grow up . One reason they stay together is the enemies in the sea . The Shark is their enemy and so is the Killer Whale .If a killer whale comes close , the dolphins make a circle . The female dolphins and their babies are in the middle of the circle . The male dolphins swim around the outside of the cicle . It is hard to attack when there is a bunch of dolphins . But sometimes the enemy attacks and the dolphins attack back . When a dolphin cries for help the other dolphin comes to help . One day some dolphins were playing around a big boat they did flips in the water and jumped high in the air . But one dolphin was jumping too high and was to close to a boat . That fell against the hard side of the boat and was hurt . Then the dolphins heard the whistle for help they swam over their hurt friend . But was sinking in the water that the two friends started to push him up for a breathe air . Then he took a big breath of air and he swam away with his friends .That shows that the Dolphins stay together and are friendly . Dolphins are among the most playful of all animals , even as adults .They play with each other , with whatever the may find , and with the fish they are about to eat . They even like to play with people , wich maybe people enjoy dolphins so much . Dolphins learn humans games quickly , and they alsomake up their own games and teach them mto people . Dolphins will almost play with anything balls, feathers , and many other things . They can play basketball ,play toss the ring , jump up high , fetch a stick in the water , ring a bell when he is jumping and other varieties . Sometimes dolphins are shy when they swim close to shore . If people are gentle to the dolphins get over their shyness

The Glass Menagerie Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Glass Menagerie - Research Paper Example She is drawn carefully as an idol of beauty, delicacy and purity as her glass toys. Her acute self –coconsciousness and as a result great shyness prevents her from coming out of her comfort zone. One of her legs is crippled and this has led to her feeling of inferiority and withdrawal from the outside world. Levy saysâ€Å"She avoids the outside world, and as a result †¦has no life outside preoccupation with her own vulnerability â€Å"But more than this her emotional fragility can said as her main flaw. Amanda tells â€Å"She notices things and I think she broods about them. A Few days ago I came in and she was crying â€Å". According to Smith Laura can be considered as a tragic fellow and her fragility is her flaw. The extreme nervousness of Laura is the reason for her seclusion and thus by the drop from the school and college. When Jim was talking to her she herself somehow came out of her shyness. She is confined herself in the security of her house and rarely co me out of that. According to Cardullo, Laura is a romantic symbol familiar to the landscape of nineteenth-century American society â€Å"the fragile almost unearthly ego brutalized by life in the industrialized depersonalized cities of the Western world â€Å" Just as Laura find place among her glass menagerie, all the characters especially Amanda and Tom have their own dwelling places. The main misfortune of the characters is only due to their remaining in the comfort zone. This drawback in the character leads to a kind of seclusion and loneliness. Amanda never comes out of her reminiscence of the past. She relates all the present events with that of the past ones occurred in her own life. The main flaw of the character Amanda is her inability to understand her son Tom. She tries to guide him but every word he considers as interference in his personal freedom. Tom wants to be adventurous, but she seems to be ignorant of it. The continual friction between Tom and his mother shows lack of understanding. Almost every encounter leads to quarrel. She frightens Tom by imposing on him the heavy responsibility of family support. Her vehement condemnation of Tom as a dreamer and manufacturer of illusions gets on his nerves and drives him away from home. â€Å"Amanda is almost alienated from her children and she also suffers from loneliness. When she is disturbed she finds happiness by balancing herself between her past and present. Her cloths her speech and her ideals for her children make her appear to be a middle aged southern belly, garrulous and sill by narrow and spinsterish in her attitude towards life. At times she appears foolish and ignorant and her approach to life seems unrealistic â€Å". But Dr. Pearl Mchaney in a lecture points out that Amanda is trying to love her children. â€Å"There are so many things in my heart that I cannot describe you! I’ve never told you but I-loved your father†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Another character who shares the equal re sponsibility of the tragic ending of the family is Tom Winfield. Tom is condemned by most people as an irresponsible runaway. Tom can be said as a person ‘meditating between in present and past’. Neither his job at the warehouse nor his life and home satisfies hunger for adventure . He demands

Legal and Regulatory Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Legal and Regulatory Environment - Essay Example Mongo offered Quinn to work for their subsidiary company in Saudi Arabia. Quinn signed a form of contract that provided for a ‘Recital of International Employment Conditions,’ which guaranteed him that, if his performance would be found satisfactory, he would proceed for the job until the Mongo advised with an accompaniment of a four week written notice that his services were no longer needed (Human Resources in the Legal and Regulatory Framework, 466-505). The legal issues in this case include whether the contract between Quinn and SAMCO was legitimate ab initio, whether there existed a separate employment contract between Quinn and SAMCO and whether Quinn was a SAMCO employee, whether SAMCO erred in failing to integrate the likely interference by the government over the contract it made with Quinn, though the Royal Commission had managed to establish contractual mandate to alter at its own discretion personnel employed by SAMCO, bearing the fact that the government of Saudi Arabia is characterized with forms of employment discrimination such as age, and whether Mongo bears any responsibilities over SAMCO’s actions in another jurisdiction. The US legislation on Discrimination in Employment Act protects the populace above 40 from age prejudice (Metzger). Under this legislation, an employee has to prove that ‘he or she was within the cosseted age cohort, was qualified for the position at issue, suffered an adverse employment action, and was replaced by a sufficiently younger person.’ As a judge, if the plaintiff can prove these four elements, then a legal case suffices to stand trial. Did Hammer and Mongo act ethically? Would you have acted differently? Be sure to support your response with reference to ethical theories. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) ‘protects persons forty years or older from discrimination based on age. The legislation proscribes age favoritism in providing employees benefits and establishes minimum standards for waiver of one’s rights under the ADEA.’ It prohibits age discrimination in employment with respect to individuals aged forty years or older. In 1991, Congress amended Title VII to protect U.S. citizens employed in a foreign country by a U.S. employer. The Enforcement Guidance on Application of Title VII and the Americans with Disabilities Act provides that for a nationality of an entity to be determined by the entity’s place of incorporation, the principal place of business, contacts within the United States, the nationality of dominant shareholders and/or those holding voting control, and the nationality and location of management have to be taken into account (Lindemann, 2003, p. 9). Section 109 of the Title VII provides that â€Å"it shall not be unlawful,† under either Title VII or the ADA, for an employer to act in violation of either statute if compliance would cause the employer to violate the law of the foreign c ountry in which the employee’s workplace is located (Jerry). For example, an employer may be permitted to deny employment to women in a country that prohibits women from working, even though this practice violates Title VII. Hammer told Quinn that Quinn would have a problem as his grey hair showed that he was ‘over fifty,’ and people over fifty were ‘regarded with suspicion’

The Greeks and gods Essay Example for Free

The Greeks and gods Essay The Greeks looked at their gods with attributes they only wished they could attain. They developed stories of extraordinary people that were the offspring of immortals such as Nymphs or gods like Hermes or Zeus. Most of these stories consisted of labors, quests, or bloody wars, where the heroes were at the epicenter of the tale. What made these heroes so great was not just the fact they had godly attributes or completed monumental tasks, but endured more tragedy or more bliss than any common Greek would undergo. One tale commonly told was that of a demigod named Achilles. His mother Thetis was a Sea Nymph, and his father was Peleus, was the king of the Myrmidons. Most stories of Achilles revolved around war, where either his gift was at his greatest or worst. Every Greek sought him for battle so his skills would tip the balance to their favor. No myth exemplified this more than that of the ten-year Trojan War. An excerpt from a translation written by Apollodorus that accounts this time state, â€Å"He also took Lesbos and Phocaea, then Colophon, and Smyrna, and Clazomenae, and Cyme; and afterwards Aegialus and Tenos, the so-called Hundred Cities; then, in order, Adramytium and Side; then Endium, and Linaeum, and Colone. He took also Hypoplacian Thebes and Lyrnessus, and further Antandrus, and many other cities. † (Frazer) By many accounts, you could argue that Achilles was the dealer of death and that he relished in every moment of his adventures. By his own words, this was not the case. For example, in the textbook the Classical Mythology it states, â€Å"The now dead Achilles laments, I should prefer as a slave to serve another man, even if he had no property and little to live on, than to rule all those dead who have done with life (Morford, Lenardon, Sham, 2011). Another hero that many spoke of during that day an age was Odysseus. He was a descendant of Hermes who became king of Ithaca. The real stories of Odysseus that Greeks and many others embrace were of the Trojan War and Homers poem the Odyssey. Some Greeks would argue Odysseus came second only to Achilles as a hero due the trials he endured. Odysseus’s story began at the start of the Trojan War where he stood and fought for ten years. After nine years of failure, Odysseus was enlightened by Athena to trick the Trojans and capture its city. He erected a symbol, he knew only the Trojans would accept and embrace. He hid the strongest Greeks inside a giant wooden horse who laid and waited until nightfall. Once inside impenetrable walls the Greeks were able to sake the city. Once war was all but over, Odysseus  sailed for home. â€Å"Come then, do as I say, let us all be won over; let us run away with our ships to the beloved land of our fathers since no longer now shall we capture Troy of the wide ways. † (Lattimore, 1999) During this voyage, he encountered a man eating Cyclops named Polyphemus who he ended up blinding to escape. Unbeknownst to him Polyphemus was the son of Poseidon, god of the sea, who became enraged. The consequences of these actions did not lead him home to his kingdom and beloved wife, but astray for another ten years of wars and adventures. The one hero that endured more pain and suffering than any other was Heracles. He was the bastard son of the god Zeus and a beautiful Greek woman named Alcmena. Hera, the wife of Zeus, always showed distain for Zeus’s infidelities, yet took a close personal interest in Heracles. There are several instances where she intervened to cause him great tragedy. First, she tried to stop his birth. This was only overcome by tricking Ilithyia, the goddess of birth, who Hera had sent. Months after that Hera sent serpents to his cradle, but he grabbed them by the neck shacking them as if they were just one of his toys. The next obstacle came when he was a man after he was to wed the King Creon’s daughter, Megara. Seeing that Heracles had found his piece of happiness with his new wife and daughters Hera drove Heracles mad. In his fit of rage, he killed them. Overwhelmed with grief Heracles searched for a way of redemption. He came across the King of Tiryns, Eurystheus, who told him the only way he could cleanse his soul was to endure 12 impossible labors. One of his labours was to kill the Nemian lion, which was ironic. â€Å"The Nemeian Lion whom Hera, the queenly wife of Zeus, trained up and settled among the hills of Nemeia, to be a plague to mankind. There he preyed upon the tribes of the indwelling people, and was as a king over Tretos and Apesas and Nemeia. Nevertheless, the force of strong Heracles subdued him (Evelyn-White, 1914). After completing the 12 labours, Heracles enjoyed many adventures. He saved Olympus from the Gigantes and assisted in conquering Troy. For a moment, life for him was peaceful until Hera drove him mad again. During that fit of rage, he threw his closest friend Iphitus over a wall to his death. After this tragedy, Heracles knew he would have to cleanse his soul again. Queen Omphale offered him a choice. A task that would require him to endure one of the worst shames a man could. Her proposal was for him to wear women’s clothing and conduct the tasks as one of her female servants. For the next three years, Heracles completed his servitude in shame without ever being honored for any of his previous glories. In conclusion, all these heroes had godly attributes which enabled them to complete monumental tasks, but at the same time endure more tragedy or bliss than any common Greek would undergo. Achilles was a great warrior but found no peace with what he had accomplished in his life. Heracles also endured much strife and ended up dying a gruesome fate. On the other hand, Odysseus left his home, endured many obstacles, but returned from twenty years of servitude with rejoices from all of Greece. One common fact remains, despite each hero’s fate no Greek would endure so much, but could look to these myths as a testament to great achievements or failures. References: Frazer, J. G. (1921) Apollodorus, Epitome 3. 33. Retrieved from http://www. theoi. com/Text/ApollodorusE. html Morford, M,Lenardon, R, Sham, M, (2011) Greek Mytholodgy 9th Ed. Oxford University Press Lattimore, R (1999). The Odyssey of Homer. New York, NY: Harper Perennial Modern Classics. Evelyn-White, H. The Theogony of Hesiod. (1914). Retrieved from http://www. sacred-texts. com/cla/hesiod/theogony. htm

Duels :: Essays Papers

Duels "This is the excellence of Court: take away the ladies, duels and the ballets and I would not want to live there." - A. d'Aubigne, Baron de Foeneste, Il, 17 Duels and the act of dueling is something that has characterized not only the imagination of historians and modern warfare enthusiasts, but also the minds of writers and readers of literature for years. The numerous literary variations on the theme of dueling are enough of an indication of its importance, and the fascination with the act continues to increase. However, dueling is more than a literary climax or a plot twist; duels have been being fought for centuries and are actually derivatives of many medieval practices. The word duel has several predecessors, depending on which history is being referenced. The most common form of the word is derived from the German word Duell, which is a derivative of the Latin word duellum. Duellum is a combination of the Latin words bellum and duo, which connotes a war between two. This simple definition seems to be the most common and the most recognizable. Historian Francois Billacois states that a duel is "a fight between two or several individuals (but always with equal numbers on either side), equally armed, for the purpose of proving either the truth of a disputed question or the valour, courage and honour of each combatant (Billacois, 5)." Historian Ute Frevert concurs, but points out that duels, especially in the modern era, were "no mock fights, but serious passages at arms in which the opponents risked their lives and which could result in serious injury, or even death (Frevert, 11)." Most contemporary historians believe that the modern version of the duel developed out of three medieval institutions: the feud, the judicial duel and the knightly tournament. The belief that dueling was derived from these three events is often referred to as the continuity theory. Feuds in the medieval period occurred when people attempted to settle disputes and exact revenge for insults through "private vengeance," rather than by going to the authorities and entrudting them to settle the matter. Judicial duels, on the other hand, were official acts, during which both parties (the plaintiff and the defendant) fought their grievances out on the battle field with swords in front of a judge.

“Baby Love” and “Mothership Down” Compare and Contrast Essay Essay

Often conflict between parents and their children are used within young adult fiction stories in order to develop the plot in the specific way. Conflict between parents and their children is an everyday struggle that all families must face, it often leads to a life lesson in which both the parents and children learn something new. Within the short stories â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan and â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson this is precisely what has happened. In both pieces the conflict within the family (main character and parent) has resulted in a very negative way, as where the main character realizes hisher own mistakes and tries to own up to and resolve the situation and what it has become. In â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson the main character happens to have a second chance to clean up the mess that she has created, unlike the main character in the story â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan. The main character in this text loses his chance to patch things up with his father, and he will never get the chance to. A similarity between â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson and â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan is both characters have trouble communicating with their parents, this is why the plot developed the way it did and where the main conflict started. In the text it says â€Å"And she wished her mom was there. She should have said yes when her mom called earlier and offered to come home.† The narrator said this when Chelsea (the main character) realized that she needed the help that her mother persistently offered, but Chelsea was dead set against needing the help of her mother. In Chelsea’s mind her mother wasn’t trying to help, she was trying to take over the role of Abigail’s (Chelsea’s baby) mother. A similar event happens in the story â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan. It has been 3 long years since the main character in this text has spoken to his father all over a silly little miscommunication. The main character decides to call home and check in on his family specifically his father, this is when he learns the news of his father’s terminal cancer. In the text it says â€Å"I wanted to tell him I was sorry, but I decided to leave it for another time.† This turns out to be a fatal decision. Both â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson and â€Å" Mothership Down† by Marty Chan the main characters both unknowingly make bad decisions by holding off  on doing something that turns out to change the plot drastically. Another similarity between â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson and â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan and how the conflict between parent and child develops the plot is both of the texts end in regretting something. In â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson Chelsea wanted to care for her baby on her own, when she realized that she could care for her baby all alone she experience a mental break down and screamed at her baby. Chelsea regrets not accepted the help that was offered to her by her mother. Evidence from the text that was found is â€Å"But a mom was supposed to know what to do when her baby cried. And she didn’t.† Chelsea feels as though she failed as a mother and she could have seriously injured her own baby. Maybe if she would have just accepted her mother’s help she wouldn’t have had the break down that she did. She never would have yelled at her baby or experience the hatred towards herself and the baby as she did. Chelsea regretted the feelings that her baby made her feel if only she would have accepted the help that her mother offered to provide. Meanwhile in the story â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan the main character regretted not apologising to his father while his father was still alive and while the main character had the chance. In the text it states â€Å"dad died on a Thursday morning. I never got the chance to tell him.† Also it says â€Å"I realized that one person can make a difference if that person chooses to do nothing at all.† The main character regrets not apologizing because he made a difference in a negative way, he now needs to live with the guilt of having too much pride as to apologise to his dying father, for not talking about how hurt he was that his father never stood up for him over his new old car to his friends. The two selections â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson and â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan tie together in developing the plot with the conflict between the man character and their parents because both main characters should have sucked up their pride and gave in to the fact that they were wrong. A main difference between â€Å"Baby Love† y Kathy Stinson and â€Å"Mothership down† by Marty Chan is the parenting style chosen by the parent in both of the selections. The mother in the story â€Å"Baby Love† is suffocating her daughter (Chelsea) and her granddaughter (Abigail) with love so to speak. The mother  continuously offers her help to Chelsea in the aid of raising her baby Abigail. An example of this is when the mother tried to bottle feed Abigail rather than Chelsea breast feed all the time. The mother also offered to stay home from work to help Chelsea care for her baby Abigail again. In the text it says â€Å"You wouldn’t be so tired if you’d let me give her a bottle once in a while.† And â€Å"But Lorraine said shed fill in for me till the end of the month.† The mother is very persistent in trying to help Chelsea with Abigail. In the other story â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan the father of the main character doesn’t offer to help his son when he is looking for his father’s help. The main character’s friends are talking trash about his old new car that he bought and picked out by himself, and he wanted his father to stand up for his car but he never. This came directly from the text â€Å"I looked right at Dad, expecting him to say something. To help me out.† It also says â€Å"You know what he said instead? Beggars can’t be choosers.† This very clearly made the main character furious. Towards the end of the story we find out in â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson the mother tried helping out her daughter because she knows how hard it is to raise a baby, much like the story â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan we find out the father only done this to help his son out, the father thought his son could stand up for himself. These simple misunderstandings is how the plot was developed. â€Å"Baby Love† by Kathy Stinson and â€Å"Mothership Down† by Marty Chan have many similarities and differences. Both contain parent/child conflict which develops the plot in the end of each story, both make you realize that in the long run both parents only wanted the best for their children even if it wasn’t clear to the children in the beginning.

The Definition of a Trademark and Goodwill - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1835 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION Definition of trademark Any company has the right to take legal action if enough evidence is provided to the court. The company that feels infringed can take legal action supported by the principles of intellectual property rights. Company X has the rights to take legal action against company Y on the basis of fundamental principles under intellectual property rights. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Definition of a Trademark and Goodwill" essay for you Create order Company X is a manufacturer of cool soft for men under the trade mark as cool soft as the first company to register under such a distinctive name. Company Y also starts to manufacture real soft for men under the trade mark real soft after company X is already trading. Trade mark by Yu,(2007), is defined as any word, name, symbol or device or any combination thereof used by a person to identify and distinguish his or her goods from these manufactured or sold by others and to indicate the source of the goods. In the case of laximikant Patel vs Chetan bhat shah, it was held that the trade the definition of trade mark is very wide and means a mark capable of being represented graphically and which is capable of distinguish the goods and services of one person from those of others. In this case company X has come up with a distinctive name as it trademark as the source to all consumers or as a source of such a product. Company X coming up with a name trade mark that is totally differen t from any other company. Furthermore, what is necessary is the connection between the mark used in relation to the goods and the person claiming a right to use the same. Recently in the case of Jaleel Associates vs Hotel sugar, it was held that if a name used in relation to goods or services for the purpose of indicating a course of trade between goods and services and some person having the right to use such name whether with or without any indication of the identity of that person such name is a trademark. In this case, company X under the trademark cool soft is able to portray a certain that of trade and under such a trade, people are able to identify the trade or goods or services that are being provided and this becomes a trademark. On the other hand company Y does not come up with something different but follow in the same trade as company X which has already have the trade mark because of being able to make easy identification to customers on goods or services being provi ded in that particular market. In addition, company X has also registered the trade mark cool soft. Under the Trade Mark Act section 14(1) provides that a mark will only be registered as a trade mark if it contains or consists of a word or words having no direct reference to the character or quality of the goods and not geographical name or surname. In this case company Yà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s trade mark real soft has a direct reference to the trade mark of company X which is prohibited under the Trade Mark Act. Goodwill The goodwill of company X is portrayed were the cool soft has been marketed over a period of time, whilst company Y has just started manufacturing. Goodwill is ability to attract customers and potential customers to do business with the owner. Company X has developed goodwill for a long period of time. Customers have been buying their products, and this has made the company to amass for revenue, maintaining a bigger market share and brand loyalty. Unlike company Y who are just new to the business and has not been tested in the industry for a longer period. In the case of Hotel Capriani vs Cipriani (Grosvenor street) 2010, it was held that the claimant succeeded in both action sued which were trademark infringement and passing off. Company X has the right to take such legal actions. The aspect of marketing the product for a long period of time has made company X to be an established company, trusted by many people and therefore the sufficient enough to take legal action. In the c ase of Jules Rimet vs the football Association, it was held that after considering the claimantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s evidence which included references to the mascot in the press from time to time concluded that there was sufficient residual goodwill for action of passing of. Apart from this, in the case of Reckitt and Coleman products Ltd vs Borden Inc, it was held that the existence of the claimantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s extensive and exclusive goodwill built over the years, a misrepresentation as to the goods or services offered by the defendant and damage to the claimantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goodwill as a result of the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s misrepresentation amounted to passing off. Company X has built a reputation over the years and company Y by producing a product similar has somehow destabilize the sales, customers and market share of company X which in the case above amounts to passing off. Passing off is an attempt by one trader taking advantage of the goodwill develop ed by another to the detriment of the trader. Company X has marketed over a period of time and company Y has just started manufacturing similar products like the ones that company X is manufacturing. In a similar case Erven Warnink Bv vs J Townsend Sons Ltd (1979), it was held that not only damage due to lost sales but damage to reputation by being associated with inferior product amounted to passing off. Townsend was liable for passing off their goods as those of Warnink and the court applied the test for passing off which includes and any situation where misrepresentation is likely to injure the claimantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goodwill. There was no trademark infringement but passing off. In order for one to claim passing off, there must be elements of the following aspects: There must be a goodwill or reputation attached to the goods or services of the claimant. In this case company X has marketed its product over a long period of time than company Y which has just started marketing same products. By marketing for a long period of time, company X has built a good relationship with customers. Sales have dropped due to company Y producing the same kind of product thus driving away customers to buy the other product and reducing the profitability of company X. This gives the right for company X to take legal action against company Y as this amounts to passing off. In the case of Buckley LJ H P Bulmer Limited vs Bollinger SA (1978), the court held that a man who engages in commercial activities may acquire a valuable reputation in respects of the goods in which he deals, or of the services which he performs or his business as an entity. The law regards such a reputation as an incorporeal piece of property, the integrity of which the owner is entitled to protect. So in this case, company X has built a reputation by marketing for a long period of time and by such the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s image, property and reputation are entitled to be protected. For passing of to be established there must be an element of misrepresentation. This element of misrepresentation is shown by company Y when manufacturing the products with similar packaging in white, dark blue and green colors as the ones that company X has manufactured for a long period of time. Misrepresentation is a false description made consciously or unconsciously through the use of a mark, trade name or get-up (brand name, trade description, individual features of labelling or packaging) with which the goods of the claimant are associated and which is likely to mislead the sensible members of the public. 3.0 Misrepresentation In the case of Arsenal Football Club Plc vs Reed (2001), it was held that the disclaimer was sufficient enough to prevent misrepresentation which is a necessary ingredient for passing off. The customers had not been deceived into buying and there was no real likelihood of confusion. But in this case company Y has labelled its product similarly to the ones of company X thus creating confusion as customers would not be able to differentiate from the original product hence deceiving customers. The deception as a result of a misrepresentation is an essential ingredient for a claim in passing off. In the case of BP Amoco Plc vs John Kelly Ltd (2005), it was held that deception or its likelihood lies at the heart of the tort of passing off. If the customer can see sufficiently clearly when he gets close to the station that the product sold is not that of Bp, he does not buy the petrol under the mistaken impression that he is getting Bp petrol. But in this case it is hard for a customer to clearly see the difference as the packaging of company X is white, dark blue and green, similarly to the one that company Y has started manufacturing. The packaging looks the same and this causes deception as company Y would be selling its product to customers who might buy on the essence that the product they are buying is for company X which has been manufacturing the product for a long period of time. By doing so company Y is deceiving customers into buying a product which is not the actual known product in the market which is manufactured by company X. This still amounts to passing off as company X is entitled to take legal actions under such circumstances. In the case of Combee international v Scholl (1975), the plaintiff manufactured insoles called odox heaters which contained activated charcoal. The defendant who was a well-known manufacturer of footwear also p roduced odox heaters. These were packaged in the same way. It was held that an injunction was granted on the basis that there was misrepresentation as the origin of the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s product which was inferior. So in the same way company X can take legal actions against company Y because company Y is packing in the same way as the product of company Y is sold. Furthermore in the case of Wilkinson Sword Ltd vs Cripps Lee, the court held that the plaintiff had indeed have a reasonable cause of action. Meaning company X has the right to take legal actions. Damage to good wil Damage to good will would be a loss of reputation or control over reputation, exposure to litigation or erosion of the mark. Company Y has just started making similar goods as the ones made by company X. This has resulted in some of the customers buying from company Y thus reducing the gross profit for company X because the two companies share customers. In the case of Annabelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s (Berkley Square Ltd vs G Shock (Annabelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Escort Agency), 1972, it was held that there a was sufficient association between what the public would consider the field of activity in which both business conducted